The retina is the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye that plays a crucial role in vision. It is responsible for receiving light that enters the eye and converting it into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve. These signals are then processed by the brain to create the images we see. The retina contains specialized cells known as photoreceptors, which include rods (responsible for vision in low light) and cones (responsible for color vision and detail in bright light). The health of the retina is essential for clear, sharp vision. Common retinal disorders include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, and retinal vein occlusion. Conditions like these can lead to blurred vision, blind spots, or even permanent vision loss if not treated promptly. Retinal specialists, or retina doctors, diagnose and treat retinal diseases using techniques like fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and laser therapy. Early detection and treatment are key to preserving vision and preventing further damage to the retina.
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